FREE · 20 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

Power BI interview questions

The Power BI questions interviewers ask most, with short answers you can explain in your own words. Tap a question to see the answer.

01Calculated column vs measure?

A calculated column is computed per row at refresh and stored. A measure is computed at query time in the current filter context.

02What is filter context?

The set of filters applied to a calculation from slicers, rows, columns and CALCULATE.

03What is row context?

The current row during iteration, in calculated columns or iterators like SUMX.

04What does CALCULATE do?

It evaluates an expression in a modified filter context. It is the most important DAX function.

Sales West = CALCULATE([Total Sales], Region[Name] = "West")
05What is context transition?

When CALCULATE turns the current row context into an equivalent filter context.

06SUM vs SUMX?

SUM adds a column. SUMX iterates rows and sums an expression per row, like quantity times price.

07Why use a star schema in Power BI?

It gives simpler DAX, correct filtering and better performance than flat or snowflaked tables.

08Why do you need a date table?

Time intelligence functions need a continuous date table marked as a date table.

09Import vs DirectQuery?

Import loads data into the model and is fastest. DirectQuery queries the source live, for very large or real-time data, but is slower.

10What is query folding?

Power Query pushing transformations back to the source as SQL, which is much faster.

11How do you implement row level security?

Define roles with DAX filters in Desktop, then assign users or groups to roles in the Service.

12Single vs bidirectional relationships?

Single direction filters from one side to many. Bidirectional can cause ambiguity and slow models, so use it carefully.

13How do you calculate YoY growth?

Compare current sales to SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR.

YoY % = DIVIDE([Sales] - CALCULATE([Sales], SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR('Date'[Date])), CALCULATE([Sales], SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR('Date'[Date])))
14Why use DIVIDE instead of /?

DIVIDE handles division by zero safely.

15What are variables in DAX?

VAR stores a value once, making measures faster and easier to read.

16How do you improve report performance?

Reduce columns and cardinality, use measures not calculated columns, avoid bidirectional filters and check with Performance Analyzer and DAX Studio.

17What is a gateway?

Software that lets the Power BI Service refresh data from on-premises sources.

18What are bookmarks and drill-through?

Bookmarks save a report view state. Drill-through lets users jump to a detail page filtered by what they clicked.

19Workspace vs app?

A workspace is where you build and collaborate. An app is the polished package you publish to report viewers.

20What is PL-300?

The Microsoft Power BI Data Analyst certification exam.

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